How Do They Work?
When you apply your brakes, fluid in the system creates hydraulic pressure in the hoses and lines. That pressure then moves a piston in the calipers which are mounted to the wheel knuckle that extends around a brake rotor. Attached to the knuckle are pads which are bonded to metal plates. When you press on the brake pedal, this system causes the pads to squeeze brake pads against both sides of the rotors. The friction material on the pads grips the smooth surface of your rotors and that is what ultimately stops your vehicle.
How Often Should I Have My Brake Pads Replaced?
Like most things when it comes to your vehicle, the replacement timeline depends on several factors. First is the quality of the brake pad material, which impacts longevity. There are three main types of pads; some last longer than others. Another factor is your driving patterns and habits. The best practice is to consult your owner’s manual for manufacturer recommendations. Most brakes will last between 20,000 and 40,000 miles, but eventually you will need to replace them.
Types of Brake Pads
There are three main types of brake pads available for your vehicle. The differences in them are the durability, the level of sound, and the impact on rotors from extended use.
- Organic, or Non-Metallic Pads: The material on these pads has a mix of synthetic materials such as sintered glass, cellulose, or aramid with other compounds in varying measures, depending on the manufacturer. These pads tend to be quieter and are relatively soft to limit damage to the rotors, but because of this they are short-lived.
- Semi-metallic Pads: This type of pad is composed of a combination of metals like steel, copper, and iron blended with non-metallic compounds like graphite and fillers. They last longer than the first option but can be noisy and are more damaging to your rotors.
- Ceramic Pads: These are hailed as the better of the three because they are made up of elements like porcelain and clay with soft copper fibers for quieter stopping, longer life, and less damage to rotors.
How Do I Know If My Pads Are Bad?
If you notice sounds like squealing, squeaking, or grinding when you brake, you may need new brake pads. Other signs include:
- Extended stopping distance
- Grooves in the surface of your rotors
- Pulsation in the pedal when you brake
- Vehicle pulling to one side when you apply the brakes
